What is Arthritis?

Arthritis is a common condition that causes pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints. It affects people of all ages but is more common in older adults. In Nepal, arthritis is becoming an increasing health concern due to aging populations, lifestyle changes, and environmental factors.

Types of Arthritis

There are several types of arthritis, but the most common ones in Nepal include:

1. Osteoarthritis (OA) – The most common form, caused by wear and tear of the joints over time.
2. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) – An autoimmune condition where the body’s immune system attacks the joints.
3. Gout – A type of arthritis caused by high uric acid levels, leading to painful joint inflammation, commonly seen in Nepal due to dietary habits.
4. Ankylosing Spondylitis – A form of arthritis that affects the spine, leading to pain and stiffness.

Causes and Risk Factors

• Age – Risk increases with age.
• Genetics – Family history plays a role in some types.
• Obesity – Extra weight puts more pressure on joints.
• Joint Injuries – Previous injuries can lead to arthritis.
• Diet – High purine diets (common in Nepalese cuisine) contribute to gout.
• Infections – Some infections can trigger arthritis-like symptoms.

Symptoms of Arthritis

• Joint pain and stiffness
• Swelling and redness
• Reduced range of motion
• Fatigue (especially in rheumatoid arthritis)

Diagnosis

Doctors diagnose arthritis through:

• Physical examination
• Blood tests (to check inflammation and uric acid levels)
• X-rays and MRI scans (to assess joint damage)

Management and Treatment

While arthritis has no permanent cure, it can be managed effectively through:

1. Medications

• Pain relievers (Paracetamol, NSAIDs)
• Disease-modifying drugs (for RA)
• Uric acid-lowering drugs (for gout)

2. Lifestyle Changes

• Exercise – Low-impact activities like walking, yoga, and Tai Chi.
• Weight Management – Helps reduce joint stress.
• Balanced Diet – Avoid high-purine foods (red meat, alcohol) in gout.
• Physiotherapy – Improves joint mobility and strength.

3. Home Remedies and Traditional Approaches in Nepal

• Using turmeric and ginger for their anti-inflammatory properties.
• Warm compresses and massage therapy.
• Ayurveda and herbal treatments (with doctor consultation).

4. Surgical Options

In severe cases, joint replacement surgery (e.g., knee replacement) may be necessary.

Living with Arthritis

Support groups and arthritis awareness programs are growing in Nepal. Staying active, eating well, and getting regular check-ups can help manage the condition effectively.

When to See a Doctor

If joint pain persists for more than a few weeks, or if there is swelling, stiffness, or difficulty in movement, consult a doctor for early diagnosis and treatment. We have highly qualified and experienced orthopedic doctors in Nepal who specialize in treating all kinds of arthritis.

Conclusion Arthritis is a significant health issue in Nepal, but with proper care, lifestyle adjustments, and medical guidance, people can manage their symptoms and lead an active life.

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