High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a condition where the force of blood against the artery walls is consistently too high. This increases the risk of serious health issues such as heart attack, stroke, and kidney disease. Often termed the “silent killer,” hypertension typically presents no noticeable symptoms, making regular monitoring essential.
Blood Pressure Readings:
Blood pressure is measured using two numbers:
- Systolic Pressure (Top Number): Pressure in the arteries when the heart beats.
- Diastolic Pressure (Bottom Number): Pressure in the arteries between beats, when the heart relaxes.
For example, a reading of “130 over 80” means a systolic pressure of 130 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure of 80 mm Hg.
Blood Pressure Categories:
- Normal: Systolic below 120 mm Hg and diastolic below 80 mm Hg.
- Elevated: Systolic between 120-129 mm Hg and diastolic below 80 mm Hg.
- High (Hypertension): Systolic 130 mm Hg or higher and/or diastolic 80 mm Hg or higher.
Prevalence in Nepal:
In Nepal, nearly 1 in 4 individuals suffer from hypertension, with less than 5% having the condition under control. Factors such as urbanization, dietary habits, and limited awareness contribute to this growing concern.
Managing and Reducing High Blood Pressure:
Effective management involves a combination of lifestyle changes and, if necessary, medication. Here are steps to help lower blood pressure:
- Medication Adherence: If prescribed, take blood pressure medications as directed. Consult your healthcare provider if you experience side effects or have concerns about costs; alternatives may be available. Many patients in Nepal worry that once they start taking medication for high blood pressure, they will have to take it for life, leading some to refuse treatment. However, hypertension is a natural part of aging, much like getting grey hair. As we age, our arteries gradually lose elasticity and become stiffer, causing blood pressure to rise. Medication helps keep blood pressure in a safe range, reducing the risk of heart attack, heart failure, stroke, and kidney failure. In most cases, lifelong treatment is necessary to maintain heart and overall health.
- Lifestyle Modifications:
- Healthy Diet: Adopt a diet low in fat and rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products.
- Reduce Salt Intake: Limit consumption of processed foods and restaurant meals. Be mindful of adding salt during cooking and at the table.
- Regular Physical Activity: Engage in at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise, such as walking, on most days.
- Weight Management: Aim for a healthy weight; even modest weight loss can significantly impact blood pressure.
- Limit Alcohol: Consume fewer than two alcoholic drinks per day.
- Home Monitoring: Using a home blood pressure monitor can help track your progress and manage your condition more effectively.
- Adequate Sleep: Ensure you get sufficient rest, as sleep deprivation can contribute to increased blood pressure.
Conclusion:
Regular monitoring and proactive management of blood pressure are vital to prevent complications. At Advanced Poly Clinic, we are committed to providing comprehensive care and guidance to help you maintain optimal health. If you have concerns about your blood pressure or need assistance with management strategies, please schedule an appointment with our healthcare team.
Note: This information is intended for educational purposes and should not replace professional medical advice. Consult with your healthcare provider for personalized recommendations.
