Gastritis, Acidity and GERD -

Gastritis, acid reflux and GERD (Gastro-eosophageal reflux disease):

As it is very common in Nepalese community to say that everyone in Nepal has “Gastric”, a term commonly used for Gastritis. Many also mistakenly think that gastritis is a gas formation in the stomach (or intestine). Many of us also say it correctly as Acidity.

What is Gastritis?

Gastritis (or simply Gastric, as most commonly called in Nepal) is the inflammation of the stomach lining, which can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term). It occurs when the protective lining of the stomach becomes weakened, allowing stomach acid to cause irritation. Which will cause discomfort and abdomen pain. This condition is known as Gastritis (or gastric in Nepal). The pain is usually located on the upper part of the stomach, just below the chest in the middle. Lot of people in Nepal also say “mutu” (heart) pain.

If this acid starts to go above into the food pipe (oesophagus), which connects the throat and the stomach, will burn the inner layer of the food pipe. This will cause heartburn – burning sensation in the middle of the chest and often a taste of food or sour (“amilo”) taste at the back of the throat. This condition is known as Acid Reflux (due to reflux of acid from stomach into the food pipe). If this condition reoccurs frequently, then its called GERD (gastro-oesophageal reflux disease), which requires immediate treatment.

Gastritis (gastric) and acid reflux are pretty common and we all have experienced it at one time or the other. Reflux usually happens while lying down.

Causes of Gastritis

Infection with H. pylori bacteria – The most common cause of gastritis.
Excessive alcohol consumption – Can erode the stomach lining.
Frequent use of painkillers (NSAIDs) – Such as aspirin and ibuprofen.
Chronic stress – May contribute to inflammation.
Autoimmune disorders – Where the body attacks its own stomach lining.

Symptoms of Gastritis

Burning pain in the upper abdomen
Nausea and vomiting
Bloating and indigestion
Loss of appetite
Black or bloody stools (in severe cases)

Treatment of Gastritis

Medications: Antacids (Digene), proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (Pantoprazole- Pantocid 40mg), and H. pylori eradication therapy (which contains combination of antibiotics – Amoxycillin 500mg 3 times a day for 7 to 10 days in combination with Clarithromycin 500mg twice a day for 10 days, taken with PPIs twice a day for 3 weeks.)
Lifestyle Changes: Avoiding alcohol, smoking, and spicy foods.
Dietary Adjustments: Eating smaller meals and avoiding irritants like caffeine and fatty foods.

What is Acidity?

Acidity occurs when the stomach produces excess acid, leading to discomfort and heartburn. It is often triggered by diet and lifestyle factors.

Causes of Acidity

Spicy, oily, or processed foods
Excessive tea, coffee, or carbonated drinks
Late-night eating
Smoking and alcohol
Stress and lack of sleep

Symptoms of Acidity

Burning sensation in the chest (heartburn)
Sour taste in the mouth
Nausea and bloating
Frequent burping and hiccups
Discomfort after meals

Management of Acidity

Eating meals at regular intervals
Avoiding trigger foods and drinks
Staying hydrated
Using over-the-counter antacids when necessary
Maintaining a healthy weight

What is GERD?

GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) is a chronic condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation.

Causes of GERD

Weak lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
Obesity and overweight
Hiatal hernia
Smoking and alcohol
Pregnancy

Symptoms of GERD

Frequent heartburn (especially at night)
Regurgitation of food or sour liquid
Difficulty swallowing
Chronic cough or sore throat
Hoarseness or voice changes

Treatment of GERD

Lifestyle Changes: Elevating the head while sleeping, avoiding heavy meals before bedtime, and quitting smoking.
Dietary Modifications: Avoiding acidic, spicy, and fatty foods.
Medications: PPIs, H2 blockers, and antacids.
Surgical Options: In severe cases, procedures like fundoplication may be considered.

When to See a Doctor?

Seek medical attention if you experience:

Severe or persistent stomach pain
Vomiting blood or black stools
Difficulty swallowing
Unintentional weight loss
Symptoms that do not improve with lifestyle changes and medications

Preventive Measures

Eating a balanced diet rich in fiber
Managing stress through relaxation techniques
Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol
Staying active and maintaining a healthy weight
Having regular medical check-ups

Conclusion

Gastritis, acidity, and GERD can significantly impact daily life if left unmanaged. Early detection, lifestyle modifications, and appropriate medical treatment can help in preventing complications and ensuring better digestive health. If you have persistent symptoms, consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and management.
Other diseases that can mimic gastritis are Ulcer, stomach cancer, heart diseases mainly heart attack, liver diseases, gall bladder stone and colon diseases. You must know, how to differential heart attack from gastritis, because heart attack can lead to sudden death and you must not waste any time and rush to the nearest hospital. If the symptoms of gastritis are frequently troubling you, you must also visit a doctor to rule out GERD and other potentially dangerous diseases.

For more information and/or appointment just ask us a question and we will be happy to answer all your queries and discuss your symptoms.

📞 01-4531078 or 01-4543386